在雅思聽力備考中，大家可以多做一些精聽練習(xí)或者跟讀練習(xí)，從整個(gè)練習(xí)過程中，我們就可以積累聽力場(chǎng)景知識(shí)，今天小編為大家準(zhǔn)備的是雅思聽力time perspectives原文，大家可以根據(jù)原文最一些聽力專項(xiàng)練習(xí)，幫助我們豐富聽力場(chǎng)景知識(shí)。

　　Narrator: Section 4

　　You will hear a talk on the topic of time perspectives. First you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.

　　[20 seconds]

　　Listen carefully and answer questions 31 to 40.

　　Speaker:

　　Today, I’m going to be talking about time. Specifically I’ll be looking at how people think about time, and how these time perspectives structure our lives. According to social psychologists, there are six ways of thinking about time, which are called personal time zones.

　　The first two are based in the past. Past positive thinkers spend most of their time in a state of nostalgia, fondly remembering moments such as birthdays, marriages and important achievements in their life. These are the kinds of people who keep family records, books and photo albums. People living in the past negative time zone are also absorbed by earlier times, but they focus on all the bad things – regrets, failures, poor decisions. They spend a lot of time thinking about how life could have been.

　　Then, we have people who live in the present. Present hedonists are driven by pleasure and immediate sensation. Their life motto is to have a good time and avoid pain. Present fatalists live in the moment too, but they believe this moment is the product of circumstances entirely beyond their control; it’s their fate. Whether it’s poverty, religion or society itself, something stops these people from believing they can play a role in changing their outcomes in life. Life simply “is” and that’s that.

　　Looking at the future time zone, we can see that people classified as future active are the planners and go-getters. They work rather than play and resist temptation. Decisions are made based on potential consequences, not on the experience itself. A second future-orientated perspective, future fatalistic, is driven by the certainty of life after death and some kind of a judgement day when they will be assessed on how virtuously they have lived and what success they have had in their lives.

　　Okay, let’s move on. You might ask “how do these time zones affect our lives?” Well,let’s start at the beginning. Everyone is brought into this world as a present hedonist. No exceptions. Our initial needs and demands – to be warm, secure, fed and watered – all stem from the present moment. But things change when we enter formal education –we’re taught to stop existing in the moment and to begin thinking about future outcomes.

　　But, did you know that every nine seconds a child in the USA drops out of school? For boys, the rate is much higher than for girls. We could easily say “Ah, well, boys just aren’t as bright as girls” but the evidence doesn’t support this. A recent study states that boys in America, by the age of twenty one, have spent 10,000 hours playing video games. The research suggests that they’ll never fit in the traditional classroom because these boys require a situation where they have the ability to manage their own learning environment.

　　Now, let’s look at the way we do prevention education. All prevention education is aimed at a future time zone. We say “don’t smoke or you’ll get cancer”, “get good grades or you won’t get a good job”. But with present-orientated kids that just doesn’t work. Although they understand the potentially negative consequences of their actions, they persist with the behaviour because they’re not living for the future; they’re in the moment right now.

　　We can’t use logic and it’s no use reminding them of potential fall-out from their decisions or previous errors of judgment – we’ve got to get in their minds just as they’re about to make a choice.

　　Time perspectives make a big difference in how we value and use our time. When

　　Americans are asked how busy they are, the vast majority report being busier than ever before. They admit to sacrificing their relationships, personal time and a good night’s sleep for their success. Twenty years ago, 60% of Americans had sit-down dinners with their families, and now only 20% do. But when they’re asked what they would do with an eight-day week, they say “Oh that’d be great”. They would spend that time labouring away to achieve more. They’re constantly trying to get ahead, to get toward a future point of happiness.

　　So, it’s really important to be aware of how other people think about time. We tend to think: “Oh, that person’s really irresponsible” or “That guy’s power hungry” but often what we’re looking at is not fundamental differences of personality, but really just different ways of thinking about time. Seeing these conflicts as differences in time perspective,rather than distinctions of character, can facilitate more effective cooperation between people and get the most out of each person’s individual strengths.

　　Narrator:

　　That is the end of section 4. You now have half a minute to check your answers.

　　[30 seconds]

　　That is the end of the listening test. You now have 10 minutes to transfer your answers to the listening answer sheet.

　　以上是小編為大家準(zhǔn)備的“雅思聽力time perspectives原文”的相關(guān)內(nèi)容 ，希望對(duì)大家備考有幫助，相信付出終會(huì)有收獲，在這里小編預(yù)祝各位考生在雅思考試中收獲一個(gè)高分。

       廣州雅思英語(yǔ)學(xué)校成立于1999年,現(xiàn)任校長(zhǎng)是有中國(guó)雅思“教父”之稱的中國(guó)社會(huì)科學(xué)院博士、中國(guó)雅思教育開拓者,資深留學(xué)教育專家萬(wàn)昌明博士。廣州雅思英語(yǔ)學(xué)校是國(guó)內(nèi)最早的專業(yè)雅思學(xué)校之一,也是英語(yǔ)IELTS考試中文“雅思”命名的首創(chuàng)者之一。十九年來(lái), 廣州雅思英語(yǔ)學(xué)校秉承“教育以學(xué)生為本,以質(zhì)量為先”辦學(xué)宗旨,堅(jiān)持“知識(shí)、激情、勵(lì)志”的教學(xué)理念,發(fā)展成為華南乃至中國(guó)最大的雅思學(xué)校之一。