托福獨(dú)立口語(yǔ)任務(wù)物品類(lèi)話題解析

朗閣海外考試研究中心

朗閣海外考試研究中心的專(zhuān)家分析發(fā)現(xiàn)，在獨(dú)立任務(wù)物品類(lèi)話題當(dāng)中，題目可以分成兩類(lèi)：具體事物類(lèi)和抽象事物類(lèi)。具體事物可能讓你描述一件禮物、一本書(shū)、一幅畫(huà)或者一件衣服；抽象事物可能讓你描述你喜歡的一種藝術(shù)形式，你給年輕人的一條建議，讓你開(kāi)心或難過(guò)的一條新聞或者你的一項(xiàng)小成就。

一、具體事物類(lèi)

具體的物品在brainstorm的時(shí)候是比較容易想到的，因?yàn)槎际巧磉厡?shí)實(shí)在在存在的東西，所以不可能在幾秒的思考之后毫無(wú)頭緒，不知道說(shuō)什么。稍微難一點(diǎn)的地方在于，很多東西同學(xué)們不知道如何去描述。比如說(shuō)一件衣服，它的材質(zhì)、花紋、設(shè)計(jì)等專(zhuān)業(yè)用詞容易難倒一部分人，描述一件藝術(shù)作品的時(shí)候一些太專(zhuān)業(yè)的東西也不太好說(shuō)，但是我們完全可以有意識(shí)地去避免這些不熟悉的東西，轉(zhuǎn)而說(shuō)一些自己熟悉的，例如得到或者見(jiàn)到這些東西的過(guò)程或故事，自己看到這些東西的感受，具體形態(tài)只需要從自己熟悉的顏色、大小方面去說(shuō)就足夠了。

以下是我們經(jīng)常見(jiàn)到的具體事物類(lèi)的題目：

Describethemostimportantgiftyouhavereceived.Whyisitthemostimportantgift?Includedetailstosupportyourexplanation.

Describeabookthatyouthinkisinteresting.Explainwhythisbookisinterestingtoyou.Includedetailsandexamplesinyourexplanation.

Describeamemorablepaintingorphotoyouhaveseenbefore.Explainwhyyoulikeitordislikeit.Includereasonsanddetailstosupportyourresponse.

Aforeignfriendisgoingtohaveamealinyourhome.Whatkindoffoodwouldyouliketoprepareforthisforeignfriend?Why?Usespecificreasonsanddetailstosupportyourchoice.

Describeyourfavoritemeansoftransportation.Itcouldbebicycle,automobileortrain.Explainwhyyouenjoyitmost.Includedetailsandexamplestosupportyourresponse.

Describeyourfavoritestyleofclothing.Includereasonsanddetailsinyourresponse.

關(guān)于“Describeyourfavoritestyleofclothing.”這個(gè)題目，我們可以這么回答：

Allgirlslikefancyclothesandthereisasayingthat“thereisalwaysroomfornewclothesinagirl’scloset”.I’mnoexception.However,theplain-lookingcasualstyleismyfavoritewhenchoosingmyclothes.IloveT-shirtsalotbecausetheyarefortableandall-match.WhenI’mconfusedwhichpieceofclothesmatchmyshoesorbag,awhiteT-shirtwillalwaysbetherightanswer.Also,I’magirlwholikessports.SoT-shirtsandjeansseemdurableandcoolwhenIgohikingwithmyfriendsordanceinthesquare.

關(guān)于“Describeamemorablepaintingorphotoyouhaveseenbefore.”我們可以這么回答：

Ican’tforgetthephotographhungonthewallofmygrandparents’house.It’sourfamilyphoto.Itwastakeninmygrandfather’sbirthdaytenyearsago.Nomemberofourfamilywasmissedinthisphoto,soitisveryvaluableforus.Everyoneinthephotosmilesasifnothingisannoyinginourfamily.Thenextyearafterthephotowastaken,myauntpassedawayinanaccident.Sothereunioncapturedinthephotocan’tberealizedagainanymore.SinceIworkinanothercity,IseldomseethisphotoafterIgraduatedfrommyhighschool,butIstillrememberthatphotoandthehappinessinmyfamily.

二、抽象事物類(lèi)

說(shuō)到抽象事物類(lèi)話題，很多同學(xué)會(huì)卡在第一關(guān)brainstorm上，但只需要記住一個(gè)原則“抽象名詞具體化”——也就是把題目當(dāng)中提到的任何看不到摸不著的東西落實(shí)到具體生活當(dāng)中的具體事物中去。比如提到“happiness”，就要立刻在腦子里給幸福下一個(gè)定義，比如說(shuō)吃得下飯、睡得著覺(jué)、笑得出來(lái)就叫做幸福，那么再找一個(gè)讓自己感到幸福的東西就容易多了，可能是媽媽做的家鄉(xiāng)菜，愛(ài)人之間的一個(gè)擁抱，甚至是一部經(jīng)典的喜劇片。

同樣，提到“opportunity”，首先想，機(jī)會(huì)是干什么用的？機(jī)會(huì)就是幫自己成功的。那么接著想自己目前取得了哪些成功？比如說(shuō)自己成功得到了一個(gè)令人羨慕的工作，那么我是怎么獲得這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)的？原來(lái)是源于一個(gè)朋友的介紹。這樣的話，抽象的名詞就被賦予到真實(shí)生活的具體事情當(dāng)中了。

Chooseoneofthefollowingworkofart:song,poemandpainting.Explainwhyyoulikeitmost.Usespecificreasonsandexamplestosupportyouranswer.

Describeajob,careerorprofessionwhichyouwishtopursue.Explainwhythisjobisyouridealjob.Includereasonsanddetailstosupportyourresponse.

Describeapieceofadvicewhichwasgivenbyafriend,afamilymemberorateacherofyours.Explainhowthisadvicehelpedyoutosolveyourproblem.Includereasonsanddetailstosupportyourresponse.

Describeapieceofgoodnewswhichmadeyoufeelhappy.Explainwhyyoufelthappyaboutthatnews.Includereasonsandexamplestosupportyourresponse.

Describeaspecialopportunitythatyouhavebeengiveninyourlife.Explainwhyitisimportanttoyou.Includereasonsanddetailsinyourresponse.

Describeonedifficultyyouhaveencounteredandhowyouovercameit.Includereasonsanddetailstosupportyourresponse.

Describeonekindofyourskillswhichyouaregoodat(suchasdrawingpictures,playingbasketball).Explainwhythisskillisimportanttoyou.Includereasonsanddetailstosupportyourresponse.

Describethemostimportantdecisionthatyouhaveevermadeinyourlife.Explainwhythisdecisionisimportanttoyou.Includereasonsanddetailstosupportyourresponse.

例如：“Describeapieceofgoodnewswhichmadeyoufeelhappy.”可以這樣回答：

I’dliketoshareagoodnewsofmyselfwhichmademefeelveryhappyrecently.IhavejustreceivedanofferwhichtellsmethatIwasacceptedtobeavolunteerinasupportingeducationprogram,whichIhavefocusedonsinceIwasinuniversity.IstartedtodocharityworkwhenIentereduniversity.Iorganizeddonationforthechildreninthewestofchina,subsidizedthreeprimaryschoolstudentsusingthemoneyIearnedfrompart-timejob.NowIhavetheopportunitytoseethembymyselfandhelpthemfacetoface.Icherishthischanceandwilldomybesttohelpthem.