be動詞的用法口訣和詳解
187 2017-07-05
be動詞的用法:be(be/is/are/am/was/were)vi
現在時Iam,youare,heis,weare,youare,theyare(縮略式I'm,you're,he's,
we're,you're,they're),(否定縮略式I'mnot,isn't,aren't),過去時Iwas,youwere,he
was,wewere,youwere,theywere(過去時否定縮略式wasn't,weren't),過去分詞been,
現在分詞being
英語的“be”是個特殊動詞;有些語言,如馬來文等,并沒有“be”這樣的動詞。
“Be”除了原形的“be”之外,還有另外七種形式:am,is,are,been,being,was,were.
在句子中,“be”可以是主動詞(ThePrincipalVerb)或助動詞(TheAuxiliaryVerb)
例句對照
【當主動詞時,“be”在性質上屬于接系動詞(TheLinkingVerb),后面要有名詞、形容詞、地方副詞或短語作補足語(The
Complement)。例如:
1.Themanisascienceteacher.
這個男子是一位科學教師
2.Mary'snewdressesarecolourful.
瑪麗的新衣服色彩鮮艷
3.Ihavebeentherebefore.
我以前去過那里
4.MymotheriswatchingTVintheroom.
母親現在在客廳看電視
【這四個都是陳述句,可以變成疑問句,方法簡單,把主語和“be”或助動詞對換位置即可:
5.Isthemanascienceteacher?
6.AreMary'snewdressescolourful?
7.HaveIbeentherebefore?
8.Ismotherinthekitchennow?
【當“be”要在祈使句中出現時,它必須借重助動詞“do”或“don't”之助,如:
9.Don'tbesilly!
10.Dobeobedient!
11.Don'tbeafool!
【“Be”有兩種縮寫法,如下:
12.He'snot...../Heisn't....
13.You'renot...../Youaren't...
【但“am+not”的縮寫法只有一個:
14.I'mnot.
有人用“ain't”,但這并不是標準英語。
談過了“be”作主動詞的功能,現在看看“be”作助動詞時,有些什么用法:
【1.】“Be+現在分詞”以組成進行式時態(tài)(ContinuousTenses),如:
15.Tony'smaidiswashinghisnewcar.
16.Thechildrenareplayinginthefield.
17.SamuelwaseatingwhenIcamein.
18.Wehavebeenlivingheresince1959.
【2.】“情態(tài)動詞+Be+過去分詞”以組成被動語態(tài)(ThePassiveVoice),如:
19.Hermoneyinthedrawerwasstolen.
20.Anumberofgoodjobsaretakenupbyforeigners.
21.DavidstudiedinTaiwanbuthasbeentrainedasalanguagelecturerin
America.
22.CanallthewonderfulbirdsbefoundinourBirdPark?
23.Thedisobedientboywastoldtostandout-sidetheclassroom.
24.Stepsarebeingtakentoreducetrafficcon-gestionduringpeak
hours.
25.Dishoneststudentswillbeimmediatelydealtwith.
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