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托福閱讀背景知識(shí):站著辦公的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)
托福閱讀背景知識(shí):站著辦公的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)
61 2017-07-21
Anewstudysaysthatstandingupat
yourdeskdoesn’tactuallydecreaseyourriskofdeath-by-office,unless
you’rephysicallyactiveotherwise.
新研究表明:除非經(jīng)常鍛煉,否則站著工作也不會(huì)降低猝死風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
Afterseveralstudiesassertedthat
sittingatworkalldayisslowlykillingus,researchersatthe
UniversityofExeterandUniversityCollegeLondontookanotherlookat
theclaims.TheWashingtonPostreports:
此前,已有多項(xiàng)研究表明,久坐會(huì)慢慢地致人死亡。但??巳卮髮W(xué)和倫敦大學(xué)學(xué)院的幾位研究員卻從另一角度進(jìn)行了研究。華盛頓郵報(bào)報(bào)道:
Researcherstracked16years’worthof
healthdatafrom5,132peopleintheWhitehallIIstudycohort.
Participantsreportedtheirtotaltimesittingandhowlongtheysat
duringfourdifferentsituations:atwork,watchingtelevision,leisure
timeandnon-televisionleisuretime.Researchersalsotrackedtime
spentwalkingdailyandonphysicalactivity.
此次研究的調(diào)查對(duì)象來(lái)自白廳二級(jí)定群研究,共5132人。研究人員對(duì)他們長(zhǎng)達(dá)16年
的健康數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了跟蹤。調(diào)查對(duì)象需匯報(bào)他們坐下的總時(shí)長(zhǎng),以及在四種不同場(chǎng)合??工作、看電視、業(yè)余活動(dòng),以及不看電視的業(yè)余活動(dòng)??分別坐下的時(shí)長(zhǎng)。研
究人員還跟蹤調(diào)查了他們每日步行和運(yùn)動(dòng)的時(shí)長(zhǎng)。
Aftercontrollingforanumberof
factors,includingdietandgeneralhealth,researchersfoundthe
overallmortalityriskfortheseparticipantswasn’tinfluencedbyhow
longtheysatorbythekindofsitting.Andtheresearcherscautioned
thattoomuchemphasisonnotsittingshouldn’ttaketheplaceof
promotingphysicalactivity.
研究人員在控制了包括飲食、整體健康在內(nèi)的許多變量后,發(fā)現(xiàn):調(diào)查對(duì)象的總死亡率不受久坐時(shí)間和坐姿的影響。研究人員告誡稱,人們不應(yīng)過(guò)份強(qiáng)調(diào)久坐的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),而忽視強(qiáng)調(diào)運(yùn)動(dòng)的重要。
What’sparticularlyinterestingabout
thestudy,publishedintheInternationalJournalofEpidemiology,is
thatresearchersdidn’tjustfocusonsittingduringtheworkday,but
factoredinallkindsofsitting-specificdataaswellasratesof
physicalactivity.Theirconclusionwasthat“sittingtimewasnot
associatedwithall-causemortalityrisk.”Basically,moreelementsare
inplaythanjustwhetheryou’resittingdownatwork,andyourlevels
ofphysicalactivityarethegreatesthealthindicator.
這項(xiàng)研究發(fā)表在《國(guó)際流行病學(xué)雜志》上。其中特別有趣的是,研究員沒(méi)有只研究人們?cè)诠ぷ鲿r(shí)的久坐情況,還考慮到了各種相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)和運(yùn)動(dòng)頻率。其結(jié)論是“久坐與全因死亡率無(wú)關(guān)”??偠灾?,影響健康的元素很多,不僅僅在于是否在工作時(shí)久坐。最能體現(xiàn)健康狀況的是鍛煉情況。
Sowhatdoesthisallmean?Itappears
thattheactofworkingwhilestandingup?whichhasbeatrendy
thingtodo,especiallyintechoffices?doesn’thelpyourhealth,if
you’renotactuallyexercisingotherwise.Ifyounevermakeittothe
gym,youmightaswelljustsitdown.Thisisgoodnewsforthemakers
oftreadmilldesks,however.
所以這到底意味著什么?現(xiàn)在流行站著辦公,科技公司尤為突出。但是如果不鍛煉,站著工作也似乎沒(méi)什么用;如果永遠(yuǎn)都不去健身,還不如就坐著呢。這對(duì)跑步機(jī)辦公桌的生產(chǎn)商來(lái)說(shuō),可是個(gè)好消息。
ThelastofficewhereIworkedjumped
onthestandingdesktrendhard,installingdesksthatcouldberaised
forallworkers.Theyalsohadatreadmilldesk,andabikedesk.While
theoptiontostandiscertainlyniceasachangeinthemiddleofa
monotonousworkday,thisresearchsuggestsit’snotthecure-allthat
adherentswouldliketoclaim.
我之前工作的地方勉強(qiáng)跟上了站立式辦公桌的潮流,裝上了可隨意調(diào)節(jié)高度的桌子。此外,還有一張跑步機(jī)辦公桌和一張自行車辦公桌。當(dāng)然,在乏味的工作之余能站著工作也是個(gè)不錯(cuò)的選擇,但研究表明,站著工作并不是所謂的萬(wàn)靈丹。
“Ourstudyoverturnscurrentthinking
onthehealthrisksofsittingandindicatesthattheproblemliesin
theabsenceofmovementratherthanthetimespentsittingitself,”
studyauthorMelvynHillsdonoftheUniversityofExetersaidina
statement.“Anystationaryposturewhereenergyexpenditureislowmay
bedetrimentaltohealth,beitsittingorstanding.”
“我們的研究推翻了當(dāng)下人們對(duì)久坐危害的認(rèn)知,并指出危害健康的原因在于缺乏鍛煉,而不是久坐,”來(lái)自??巳卮髮W(xué)的研究作者梅爾文?希爾斯頓在一份聲明中說(shuō)道?!吧眢w靜止不動(dòng),能量消耗就低,從而危害健康,不管是坐著還是站著都一樣。”
Thetakeawayhereispaniesthat
trulywanttoassistworkerhealthshouldinvestmoneyinoptionslike
freeexerciseclassesandgymreimbursements.Theyshouldencourage
employeestogooutsideandactuallywalkaround,notsimplystandupat
theirputers.Andmaybeitmeansthateveryonewhoinsiststhat
standingupistheonlywaytoworkcanclimbdownofftheirhighdesk.
這表明,真正關(guān)心員工健康的公司應(yīng)該把錢花在購(gòu)買免費(fèi)運(yùn)動(dòng)課程和報(bào)銷健身費(fèi)用上。公司應(yīng)鼓勵(lì)員工走出辦公室,四處走走,而不是只在電腦前站著工作?;蛟S這意味著那些堅(jiān)信“站著是唯一解決辦法”的人終于能從高高的桌子上爬下來(lái)了。
Vocabulary
treadmilldesk:跑步機(jī)辦公桌
detrimental:不利的;有害的
reimbursement:報(bào)銷
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