劍橋雅思14test1閱讀passage3答案解析

 Question 27

 答案:E

 關(guān)鍵詞:Enz and Siguaw, remain

 定位原文:第8段It is therefore essential for hotel management to develop HRM practices that enable them to inspire and retain competent employees. This requires an understanding of what motivates employees at different levels of management and different stages of their careers (Enz and Siguaw, 2000).

 解題思路:人名匹配題重點(diǎn)用人名來大致定位,然后再來具體匹配觀點(diǎn)。本題重點(diǎn)找Enz and Siguaw,在文章第8段,他們的觀點(diǎn)是,“酒店的管理者有必要發(fā)展人力資源管理體系,使他們能夠鼓舞并留住有能力的員工。”這個觀點(diǎn)和27題題干的信息是吻合的,remain替換成了retain。

Question 28

 答案:D

 關(guān)鍵詞:Ng and Sorensen

 定位原文:第5段,Ng and Sorensen (2008) demonstrated that when managers provide recognition to employees, motivate employees to work together, and remove obstacles preventing effective performance, employees feel more obligated to stay with the company.

 解題思路:在第5段中,Ng and Sorensen表明,當(dāng)管理者認(rèn)可員工、鼓勵員工合作、清除障礙的時候,員工就會覺得想要stay with the company。這個觀點(diǎn)和28題題干說到的,“管理者的行為會使員工覺得他們不應(yīng)該跳槽”,從含義上是相符合的。

Question 29

 答案:B

 關(guān)鍵詞:Lucas

 定位原文:第4段,Lucas also points out that ‘the substance of HRM practices does not appear to be designed to foster constructive relations with employees or to represent a managerial approach that enables developing and drawing out the full potential of people, even though employees may be broadly satisfied with many aspects of their work’ (Lucas, 2002).

 解題思路:第4段中,Lucas說到,HRM的行為does not appear to(并沒有)促進(jìn)員工和公司之間有比較良好的關(guān)系(constructive relations),也沒有采取方法來developing and drawing out the full potential of people(使大家充分發(fā)揮潛力)。在29題題干中,原文的not appear to對應(yīng)題干的little is done,原文的developing and drawing out the full potential of people對應(yīng)題干的help workers improve their skills,所以觀點(diǎn)是吻合的,29題選B。

Question 30

 答案:D

 關(guān)鍵詞:Ng and Sorensen

 定位原文:第5段,Ng and Sorensen (2008) demonstrated that when managers provide recognition to employees, motivate employees to work together, and remove obstacles preventing effective performance, employees feel more obligated to stay with the company.

 解題思路:第5段中,Ng and Sorensen表明,當(dāng)管理者motivate employees to work together(鼓勵員工合作)的時候,員工更傾向于待在公司(stay with the company)。這個信息和題干構(gòu)成同義替換,題干中l(wèi)ess likely to change job替換了stay with the company,cooperation替換了work together,所以觀點(diǎn)是匹配的。

Question 31

 答案:C

 關(guān)鍵詞:Maroudas et al., dissatisfaction with pay

 定位原文:第4段,In addition, or maybe as a result, high employee turnover has been a recurring problem throughout the hospitality industry. Among the many cited reasons are low compensation, inadequate benefits, poor working conditions and compromised employee morale and attitudes (Maroudas et al., 2008).

 解題思路:第4段中提到,員工離職率高成為酒店業(yè)中一個重復(fù)出現(xiàn)的問題,對此,Maroudas et al.提出了很多原因,其中一個是low compensation(很低的報(bào)酬),可以替換31題題干中的dissatisfaction with pay。由于提到的原因有很多,工資低只是其中一個,所以31題中說到“對工資不滿意并不是酒店業(yè)員工換工作的唯一原因”,和原文觀點(diǎn)匹配。

Question 32

 答案:YES

 關(guān)鍵詞:high staff turnover, morale

 定位原文:原文第4段,In addition, or maybe as a result, high employee turnover has been a recurring problem throughout the hospitality industry. Among the many cited reasons are low compensation, inadequate benefits, poor working conditions and compromised employee morale and attitudes (Maroudas et al., 2008).

 解題思路:題干中說,酒店業(yè)高離職率的一個原因是低迷的士氣。在定位句中,首先說到高離職率是酒店業(yè)中一個重新出現(xiàn)的問題(a recurring problem),之后列舉了一系列的原因,其中一個是compromised employee morale(妥協(xié)讓步的員工士氣),由此,題干是符合原文的,答案選擇YES。