在雅思聽力考試中,選擇題是必考題型,也是經典題型,選擇題分為兩種,分別是單選題和多選題,很多考生認為多選題難度會更大一點。接下來小編為大家介紹一下雅思聽力多選題難點在哪,并且針對這些難點提供一些講解內容,希望各位考生通過練習克服多選題的難點,在考試中更有把握拿到一個滿意的成績。

 一、雅思聽力選擇題之:同義替換

 同義替換是聽力選擇題的核心考點,多選題肯定也不例外,同義互換給考生造成的疑惑點也可想而知,如果沒有聽懂原文的意思,那么很難將原文相應內容與選項內容對應上,也就直接導致答案選不對甚至直接感覺答案都沒在聽力原文里出現過。多選題和單選題很像,同義替換的位置不僅會在選項上,同樣也會在題干里面,而且同義替換的方式多變。

 比如,劍橋4 Test2 Section3的第25, 26兩題:

 What TWO disadvantages of the questionnaire form of data collection do the students discuss?

 A. the data is sometimes invalid

 B. Too few people may respond

 C. It is less likely to reveal the unexpected

 D. In can only be used with literate populations

 E. There is a delay between the distribution and return of questionnaire

 原文:

 ROSA: No, I’m sure it talked drawbacks as well, didn’t it? Something about the response rate and the problems you get if it’s too low. (B)

 MICK: Yeah, but we only need data from five subjects anyway.

 ROSA: I suppose so. Another drawback I remember it mentioned was that questionnaire data tends not to reveal anything unexpected (C), because it is……

 我們不難發(fā)現,問題當中的disadvantage這個詞,換成了drawback, 還有選項B中的few替換成了too low。這些同義替換都是最基本的近義詞、同義詞間的互換。

 而且這些同義替換都是常見的,重復出現的,所以難度不大。對于這樣的題目或者說這樣的同義替換,考生們肯定要在平時多積累常見的同義替換的單詞、詞組,多去延伸某一個單詞的近義詞、同義詞。就拿上面那個例子當中disadvantage 和drawback的同義替換來說,在劍橋3、劍橋7、劍橋9當中出現了至少4次。

 當然也有同義替換難度比較大的,比如:劍橋6 Test1 Section4的第38, 39, 40三題:

 Which THREE of the following problems are mentioned in the connection with 20th century housing in the East End?

 A. Unsympathetic landlords

 B. Unclean water

 C. Heating problems

 D. High rents

 E. Over crowing

 F. Poor standards of building

 G. Houses catching fire

 答案C, E, F在文中對應的內容為:

 Houses were crowded closely together and usually very badly built. (F)

 Few houses had electricity at this time, so other sources of power were used, like coal for the fires which heated perhaps just one room. (C)

 A tiny, damp, unhealthy house like this might well be occupied by two full families, possibly including several children, grandparents, aunts and uncles. (E)

 這樣的同義替換是一種概括總結型的同義替換,這樣的替換方式沒有辦法死記,因為每次替換的內容都可以不一樣,不像近義詞同義詞的對等替換,概括總結型的同義替換是一種從屬性質的替換,選項在意思上將原文內容意思高度概括,從而達到一種對應,這樣的替換不僅要求考生聽懂原文當中句子的意思,而且還要有同義互換的主動意識,也就是說要能夠在聽懂意思的基礎上積極主動的去思考聽懂的信息是否與某個選項匹配。否則,很多考生就會聽懂原文意思,但沒有反應過來聽懂的意思可以和哪個選項對應。

 二、雅思聽力選擇題之:干擾選項

 干擾其實不僅在多選題當中有,單選題、填空題都會有干擾。在多選題中,干擾大多是選項內容與聽力原文中的內容部分甚至完全相同,但從符合題意的角度,該選項不能作為正確選項。簡單說來就是聽到但不能選。同義替換已經很難了,為什么還要設計干擾作為另外一個難點?因為有時候同義替換的難度不夠酸爽,再配上干擾,這樣對于劍橋來說就完美了!干擾的情況在多選題當中比較容易判斷,可以大致分為所有選項干擾、部分選項干擾以及問題條件干擾。

 首先以劍橋5 Test1 Section1的第5, 6兩題為例:

 Which TWO things are included in the price of the tour?

 A. Fishing trip

 B. Guided bushwalk

 C. reptile park entry

 D. Table tennis

 E. Tennis

 這題就是上面說的所有選項干擾的一題,根據聽力原文:

 You guide will take anyone who is interested either on a bushwalk through the national park near the hotel, and there’s no extra charge for that, or on a fishing trip. That’s an extra $12 I think. And there is also a reptile park in town-that costs more or less the same. And if you just want to relax, you are free to sit by the hotel pool or go down the beach. Oh, they also have tennis courts at the hotel, but you have to pay for those by the hour. But there are table tennis tables downstairs, and they are part of the accommodation package……

 A-E所有5個選項在聽力原文當中都出現了,如果沒有聽懂意思,而只是聽單詞,這題難度就很大了,所以一定要關注符合題目“are included in the price of the tour”要求的選項。這種所有選項干擾的情況可以在審題的時候就預判出來,一般選項內容簡單且不太容易做同義替換的時候,很容易出現所有選項都在聽力中重現的情況,如果考生們能在審題時發(fā)現這一點,從而提醒自己一定不能再聽到什么就選什么,一定要關注符合問題內容的信息,這樣做對的幾率會大大增加。

 值得注意的是,在選項全部在聽力原文中重現的這種多選題中,并非同義替換就不存在了,只是不在選項上了,同義替換的位置很有可能會在題干當中,如上題,“are included in the price of the tour”就被替換成了2種說法“no extra charge”和“part of the accommodation package”,且后一種同義替換的難度非常大,很多烤鴨都沒有反應過來這是住宿打包費用的一部分的意思,也就是費用已包含的意思。

 其實,如果所有選項都在聽力中重現,還可以用排除法去剔除錯誤選項,剩下的就是正確選項了,也就是說就算不知道“part of the accommodation package”的意思選不出E來,也應該知道D. table tennis是需要pay by the hour的,也就是和“are included in the price of the tour”意思相反,A,C選項也可以用同樣的方式剔除。

 再以剛剛提過的劍橋6 Test1 Section4的第38, 39, 40三題為例:

 其實這題的難度遠不止正確選項C, E, F的同義替換,如果我們看看所有選項以及題目相關的所有聽力內容就不難發(fā)現,其實這題也有干擾,這種情況就是上面說的部分選項干擾,即不是所有選項都出現,只是其中幾個選項出現,并且有的具有干擾功能:

 A. Unsympathetic landlords

 B. Unclean water

 C. Heating problems

 D. High rents

 E. Over crowing

 F. Poor standards of building

 G. Houses catching fire

 A-G 7個選項對應的所有聽力原文內容為:

 Houses were crowded closely together and usually very badly built, because there was no regulation. But the poor and needy were attracted by the possibility of work, and they had to be housed. It was the availability, rather than the condition, of the housing that was the major concern for tenants and landlords alike. Few houses had electricity at this time, so other sources of power were used, like coal for the fires which heated perhaps just one room. Of course, the smoke from these contributed a great deal to the air pollution for which London used to be famous. A tiny, damp, unhealthy house like this might well be occupied by two full families, possibly including several children, grandparents, aunts and uncles.

 不難發(fā)現,原文中有l(wèi)andlords一詞,這個詞也出現在了A選項中,構成了干擾,尤其對于沒有聽太清楚這個句子意思的考生,可能會想選A, 畢竟有個原文中出現的單詞,其實在選項字比較多比較容易做同義替換的多選題當中,當有選項內容或者部分內容原文重現的時候,這樣的選項不僅不能立刻認為正確,而且還要慎重考慮是否會是干擾;“the smoke from these contributed……”,很多同學也會因為這個部分而選擇G, 因為前面說在房子里燒煤取暖,這里又說冒煙,聯系起來自己腦補一下感覺可能是說房子容易由于燒煤取暖而著火冒煙,因此這里的G也是一個干擾,且這個干擾對于水平稍好,能聽懂一部分內容而不是全部內容的同學來說尤其具有迷惑性,因為這個選項沒有之前的干擾方式那么簡單粗暴的就將原文重現,而是疑似做了一下同義替換,這是比較難的一種干擾選項的出現方式,即根據原文內容做了一部分的意思同義替換,但整個選項意思還是和原文不符的,這樣的干擾選項的排除就需要考生聽懂不止是某幾個詞,而是整句話。

 最后以劍橋6 Test4 Section3的第28, 29, 30題為例:

 這道多選題除了剛剛說的那些干擾和同義替換情況之外,還有另外一種干擾存在,這種干擾不是單純利用選項和聽力原文的相似性進行干擾,這種干擾還和問題有關,也就是上面所說的問題條件干擾:

 Which THREE topics do this term’s study skill workshop cover?

 我們只看其中的選項A. An introduction to the Internet對應的聽力原文的內容“the one for internet beginners was last term”和題目要求的this term相反,除此之外的部分與A選項的意思完全一樣,就是時間限制讓A選項成了錯誤項、干擾項。而且,通過總結發(fā)現,問題當中最常充當干擾內容的就是時間限制條件,且這樣的干擾也會出現在單項選擇題當中。因此,以后在問題當中看到表示時間限制的內容要多加小心,原文中可能會有另一個時間限制。

 三、雅思聽力選擇題之:題目長度

 當然,劍橋6 Test4 Section3的第28, 29, 30題可能不止是同義互換和干擾是難點,這個多選題難還因為題目的長度:

 Which THREE topics do this term’s study skill workshop cover?

 A. An introduction to the Internet

 B. How to carry out research for a dissertation

 C. Making good use of the whole range of library services

 D. Planning a dissertation

 E. Standard requirements when writing a dissertation

 F. Using the Internet when doing research

 G. What books and technical resources are available in the library

 讀完問題和7個選項的時間只有差不多10秒鐘,這個時間顯然不夠,就算可以在規(guī)定時間內讀完選項,在做題的時候,那么多文字內容在邊聽邊要做出選擇的時候也是一種巨大的挑戰(zhàn)。所以在做多選題的時候,如果能給選項分類,那就可以大大減小邊聽邊找選項的壓力,把需要看的選項縮小到一定范圍。不難發(fā)現,上題的7個選項可以分3類,一類里面有internet的A, F;一類是有dissertation的B, D, E;一類是有l(wèi)ibrary的C, G, 這樣一來,當聽力中提到比如internet的時候,我們就不用每個選項都去看是否符合,只需要去看A, F, 這樣大大減小了做題難度。

 以上是小編為大家準備的“雅思聽力多選題難點解析及解題方法”的相關內容,希望為大家掌握雅思題型提供一些幫助,在這里小編預祝各位考生在雅思考試中順利拿到自己的理想分數。

廣州雅思英語學校成立于1999年,現任校長是有中國雅思“教父”之稱的中國社會科學院博士、中國雅思教育開拓者,資深留學教育專家萬昌明博士。廣州雅思英語學校是國內最早的專業(yè)雅思學校之一,也是英語IELTS考試中文“雅思”命名的首創(chuàng)者之一。十九年來, 廣州雅思英語學校秉承“教育以學生為本,以質量為先”辦學宗旨,堅持“知識、激情、勵志”的教學理念,發(fā)展成為華南乃至中國最大的雅思學校之一。